First demonstration of the use of crab cavities on hadron beams

Many future particle colliders require beam crabbing to recover geometric luminosity loss from the nonzero crossing angle at interaction point (IP). A first demonstration experiment of with hadron beams was successfully carried out high energy protons. This breakthrough result is fundamental achieve physics goals LHC (HL-LHC) and circular collider (FCC). The expected peak gain (related collision rate) 65% for HL-LHC even greater FCC. Novel experiments proton in CERN’s Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) were performed demonstrate several critical aspects operation crab cavities including transparency a pair cavities, full characterization cavity impedance currents, controlled emittance growth induced rf noise.Received 1 May 2020Accepted 3 2021DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.24.062001Published by American Physical Society under terms Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution this work must maintain attribution author(s) published article’s title, journal citation, DOI.Published SocietyPhysics Subject Headings (PhySH)Research AreasBeam dynamicsBeam techniquesRadio frequency techniquesSuperconducting RFAccelerators & Beams